A.A. Alchian在其University Economics一書內提到幾個常見的經濟謬誤,望眼即知係出於對基本經濟學概念無知之結果。
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節錄原文如下:
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……We can be sure that economic analysis is being ignored when any of the following fallacious arguments are presented: that the rationale of the capitalistic system rests on a essential assumption of a “harmony of interests” ; that customers must take what producers offer them; that automation reduces available jobs; that tariffs protect domestic wage earners from foreign labor; that our otherwise unlimited productive capacity is curtailed by monopolistic capitalists who arbitrarily set prices high; that unions protect workers from greedy employers; that inflation hurts the wage earners and benefits the employer; that social-security payments contributed by employers to their employees are paid for by the employers; and that social conscience and civic sensitivity are or should be the main guides to business corporate behavior.
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容我粗略中譯:
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當我們看到下列任一錯誤言論,我們即可確定這全都出自於對經濟分析的無知:
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1.資本主義體制的運作原理,賴於「逐利」這基本假設;
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2.顧客只能照單全收生產者提供的產品;
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3.自動化生產減少了工作機會;
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4.關稅保護了國內受薪階級不受外國勞工侵襲;
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5.因為具壟斷地位的資本家們刻意人為拉抬價格,使得我們潛在無窮的生產力被箝制了;
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6.工會保護了工人,不受貪婪雇主的欺凌;
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7.通貨膨脹傷害了受薪階級,便宜了雇主;
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8.雇主為勞工支付的社會保險,真的是雇主買單的;
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9.社會道德與市民良知是或應該是企業行為的圭臬。
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如果你認同以上任一個想法,顯然你沒有認真想過這方面的問題。建議從經濟學的基本概念好好下功夫。
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諷刺的是,自譽為「無冕王」、「社會良知」的媒體,特別是喜歡以草根或為勞苦大眾喉舌自居的一些非營利網路媒體,往往一篇言論裡,同時具備上述數種迷思。
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如本篇「…..恐怕現在也要重新設想,金融產業自由化的問題及如何改造及再管制,除非我們想要一而再、再而三的縱容銀行業不顧公眾利益,攫取它們不該擁有的利潤,…..」
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(什麼叫「不該擁有的利潤?」該如何定義?什麼又是「公眾利益」?該如何定義?誰來定義?)
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又如「…..銀行的利潤不是從實體生產過程中來,而是從個人的收入中抽取得來。…..」
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(鬼扯一通!那電信公司賣電信通話服務給使用者,也是從個人收入抽取來,也沒有實體生產什麼東西囉?這還是個經濟學教授說出口的,真是悲哀。)
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以及「……只有基本工資調高,企業才有可能停止外勞之進用而改用本國勞工。……」
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(蠢左派,基本工資調高後,你確定「低租值企業」還會留在臺灣?還能留在臺灣?沒看到這兩年大陸新勞動合同法上路後,最低工資限制讓深圳、上海一帶代工廠連夜關門,大批工人下崗嗎?)
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這種自以為「為公眾利益」打拼的人,最令人感到悲哀與不齒!
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